See sutta AN 3.16 for the typical monk's recommended sleep schedule (about 4 hrs a night). When you meditate a lot, you get sleep credits and don't need to sleep as much.
Sometimes monastics might intentionally stay awake all night to meditate, but it's not a prescribed procedure from the buddha. It's an occasional practice disciples undertake, like fasting, for a short term in the hopes that it helps their spiritual practice and meditation.
There is a situation where advanced meditators both fast and sleep naturally. In such a state of deep meditation, they naturally aren't hungry, do not get sleepy, and just sit in deep meditation for up to 7 days. This is not just a Buddhist thing. Any advanced meditator from any meditative tradition can do this.
There's an austerity some monastics undertake to never lie down to sleep (such as Ven. Anuruddha), but that's a bad idea for the vast majority.
AN 3.16 Apaṇṇaka: Unmistaken: 3 qualities lead to destruction of āsavā's. 1. guarding sense doors, 2. eating proper way, 3. sleeping and waking properly
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