Error in the pali source, from latest version of DPR online:
Abhi
Abhi Vibh, 6. paṭiccasamuppādavibhaṅgo, 1. suttantabhājanīyaṃ, para. 7 ⇒
tattha katamo kāyasaṅkhāro? kāyasañcetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsañcetanā vacīsaṅkhāro, manosañcetanā cittasaṅkhāro. ime vuccanti “avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā”.
burmese VRI cst4 also has same error:
Tattha katamo kāyasaṅkhāro? Kāyasañcetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsañcetanā vacīsaṅkhāro, manosañcetanā cittasaṅkhāro. Ime vuccanti ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’.
What the correct pali source should be:
Tattha katamo kāyasaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a (volitional) process expressed by way of the body? |
Kāyasañcetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, | (There is) an intention expressed by way of the body, a (volitional) process expressed by way of the body. |
ayaṃ vuccati “kāyasaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be bodily process. |
Tattha katamo vacīsaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a (volitional) process expressed by way of speech? |
vacīsañcetanā vacīsaṅkhāro, | (There is) an intention expressed by way of speech, a (volitional) process expressed by way of speech. |
ayaṃ vuccati “vacīsaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be speech process. |
Tattha katamo cittasaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a (volitional) process expressed by way of the mind? |
manosañcetanā cittasaṅkhāro. | (There is) an intention expressed by way of the mind, a (volitional) process expressed by way of the mind. |
ayaṃ vuccati “cittasaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be mental process. |
and then, that ends the 2nd link of 12 ps.
ime vuccanti “avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā”.
The error is easy to see when you view it in context of the rest of that section:
(second link in 12 links of ps)
1 The Section Derived from the Discourses 1 Suttantabhājanīya
1 Suttantabhājanīya | 1 The Section Derived from the Discourses |
1 | |
0. The Outline of Conditional Origination | |
Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ, upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhavapaccayā jāti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. | With ignorance as condition there are (volitional) processes, with (volitional) processes as condition: consciousness, with consciousness as condition: mind and bodily form, with mind and bodily form as condition: the six sense spheres, with the six sense spheres as condition: contact, with contact as condition: feeling, with feeling as condition: craving, with craving as condition: attachment, with attachment as condition: continuation, with continuation as condition: birth, with birth as condition: ageing, death, grief, lamentation, pain, sorrow and despair (all) arise, |
Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. | and so there is an origination of this whole mass of suffering. |
1 |
1. Definition of Ignorance
1. Definition of Ignorance | |
Tattha katamā avijjā? | Herein, what is ‘ignorance?’ |
Dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ— | Not knowing suffering, not knowing the origination of suffering, not knowing the cessation of suffering, not knowing the path leading to the cessation of suffering. |
ayaṃ vuccati “avijjā”. | This is called ‘ignorance’. |
1 | |
2. Definition of (Volitional) Processes | |
Tattha katame avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā? | Herein, what is ‘with ignorance as condition there are (volitional) processes?’ |
Puññābhisaṅkhāro, apuññābhisaṅkhāro, āneñjābhisaṅkhāro, kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāro. | (There is) a meritorious (volitional) process, a demeritorious (volitional) process, an impertubable (volitional) process, a (volitional) process expressed by way of the body, a (volitional) process expressed by way of speech, a (volitional) process expressed by way of the mind. |
Tattha katamo puññābhisaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a meritorious (volitional) process? |
Kusalā cetanā kāmāvacarā rūpāvacarā dānamayā sīlamayā bhāvanāmayā— | (There are) wholesome intentions in the sense-world sphere, in the form-world sphere, consisting of generosity, consisting of morality, consisting of meditation, |
ayaṃ vuccati “puññābhisaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be a meritorious (volitional) process. |
Tattha katamo apuññābhisaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a demeritorious (volitional) process? |
Akusalā cetanā kāmāvacarā—ayaṃ vuccati “apuññābhisaṅkhāro”. | (There are) unwholesome intentions in the sense-world sphere, this is said to be a demeritorious (volitional) process. |
Tattha katamo āneñjābhisaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is an impertubable (volitional) process? |
Kusalā cetanā arūpāvacarā—ayaṃ vuccati “āneñjābhisaṅkhāro”. | (There are) wholesome intentions in the formless-world sphere, this is said to be an impertubable (volitional) process. |
Tattha katamo kāyasaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a (volitional) process expressed by way of the body? |
Kāyasañcetanā kāyasaṅkhāro, | (There is) an intention expressed by way of the body, a (volitional) process expressed by way of the body. |
ayaṃ vuccati “kāyasaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be bodily process. |
Tattha katamo vacīsaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a (volitional) process expressed by way of speech? |
vacīsañcetanā vacīsaṅkhāro, | (There is) an intention expressed by way of speech, a (volitional) process expressed by way of speech. |
ayaṃ vuccati “vacīsaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be speech process. |
Tattha katamo cittasaṅkhāro? | Herein, what is a (volitional) process expressed by way of the mind? |
manosañcetanā cittasaṅkhāro. | (There is) an intention expressed by way of the mind, a (volitional) process expressed by way of the mind. |
ayaṃ vuccati “cittasaṅkhāro”. | this is said to be mental process. |
Ime vuccanti “avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā”. | This is said to be ‘with ignorance as condition there are (volitional) processes’. |
Forum discussion
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I don't think it's an error, it's most likely an abbreviation - the question is meant to serve as a guide for all three. The passage is the same in the Thai Siamrat tipitaka:
ReplyDeleteตตฺถ กตโม กายสงฺขาโร กายสญฺเจตนา กายสงฺขาโร วจีสญฺเจตนา วจีสงฺขาโร มโนสญฺเจตนา จิตฺตสงฺขาโร ฯ อิเม วุจฺจนฺติ อวิชฺชาปจฺจยา สงฺขารา ฯ
Yes, I agree it's an abbreviation. But in the source texts, that abbreviation needs to be shown (as '...peyala...'), because the way it reads now, it looks like it's including vaci sankhara and citta sankhara all as part of kaya sankhara definition.
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