The 4 jhanas standard formula in the agamas of MA, match up very closely with the pali STED 4 jhana formulas. There's a striking difference in the 3rd jhana though, which is not in the pali. There's a sunyata/kong/空 on this part of third jhana:
what is that emptiness?
MIDDLE-LENGTH DISCOURSES)
VOLUME I
footnote 47:
Le zhu shi, Pāli sukha-vihāra. In the Chinese textual tradition the final character shi,
“room, abode,” is sometimes mistaken as kong, “emptiness.” Another variant is ding,
“concentration.”
That kong/空 is a scribal error is supported by the lack of a corresponding
term in the Pāli version of the formula.
from MA 2, madhyama agama
聖所捨、念、 樂住、 shèng suǒ shě, niàn, lè zhù
| the noble’s equanimity (捨), mindfulness, happy (樂) abode, |
空,kōng
| and emptiness. |
得第三禪成就遊, dé dì sān chán chéngjiù yóu
| He attains the accomplishment of the third meditation. |
what is that emptiness?
Mystery solved, reading another translation of MA 2 with footnote
THE MADHYAMA ĀGAMAMIDDLE-LENGTH DISCOURSES)
VOLUME I
footnote 47:
Le zhu shi, Pāli sukha-vihāra. In the Chinese textual tradition the final character shi,
“room, abode,” is sometimes mistaken as kong, “emptiness.” Another variant is ding,
“concentration.”
That kong/空 is a scribal error is supported by the lack of a corresponding
term in the Pāli version of the formula.
full context
from MA 2, madhyama agama
(first jhāna)
復次,Fù cì
| “Furthermore, |
聖弟子離欲、 shèng dìzǐ lí yù,
| the noble disciple parts with desire (欲 kāmehi) |
離惡不 善之法, lí è bùshàn zhī fǎ
| and parts with evil (惡) or un-wholesome (不-善) Dharmas (之法). |
有覺、有觀,yǒu jué, yǒu guān,
| With thought (覺 vitakka) and investigation (觀 vicāra), |
離生喜樂, lí shēng xǐlè,
| this seclusion produces joy (pīti 喜) and happiness (sukha 樂), |
得初禪成就 遊,dé chū chán chéngjiù yóu,
| and he attains the accomplishment of the first meditation (禪 zen, jhāna). |
是時,聖弟子名葉還生,猶三十三天晝度 樹葉還生也。
| The noble disciple then is called ‘leaves growing back again’ like the leaves growing back on the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven’s Pārijāta Tree. |
(second jhana)
復次,聖弟子 Fù cì, shèng dìzǐ
| “Furthermore, once the noble disciple’s |
覺觀已息,jué guān yǐ xī
| thought and investigation have stopped, |
內靜、 nèi jìng
| he possesses an inner (內 adjhattam) stillness (靜 sampasadanam) |
一心,yīxīn
| (and) unified (ekodi-bhava) mind (心 cetaso) |
無覺無觀, wú jué wú guān
| without (無) thought (覺 vitakka) or investigation (觀 vicara). |
定生喜樂,dìng shēng xǐlè
| This concentration (定 samadhi) produces (生) joy (喜 piti) and happiness (樂 sukha), |
得第二禪成就 遊,dé dì èr chán chéngjiù yóu
| and he attains the accomplishment of the second meditation (禪 jhana, zen). |
是時,聖弟子名為生網,猶三十三天晝度 樹生網也。
| The noble disciple then is called ‘growing webs of buds’ like the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven’s Pārijāta Tree growing webs of buds. |
(third jhana)
復次,聖弟子 Fù cì, shèng dìzǐ
| “Furthermore, the noble disciple |
離於喜欲,lí yú xǐ yù
| parts with joy and desire, |
捨無求 遊,shě wú qiú yóu
| and he is equanimous (捨 upekkha) without further pursuit. |
正念正智 zhèngniàn zhèngzhì
| With right mindfulness and right knowledge, |
而身覺樂,ér shēn jué lè
| he experiences (覺 patisamvedi) happiness (樂 sukha) with the body (身) |
謂聖所說、 wèi shèng suǒ shuō
| that’s described by the nobles as |
聖所捨、念、 樂住、 shèng suǒ shě, niàn, lè zhù
| the noble’s equanimity (捨), mindfulness, happy (樂) abode, |
空,kōng
| and emptiness. |
得第三禪成就遊, dé dì sān chán chéngjiù yóu
| He attains the accomplishment of the third meditation. |
是時,聖弟子名 生如鳥喙,猶三十三天晝度樹如鳥喙也。
| The noble disciple then is called ‘growing buds like bird beaks’ like the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven’s Pārijāta Tree growing buds like bird beaks. |
(fourth jhana)
復 次,聖弟子 Fù cì, shèng dìzǐ
| “Furthermore, the noble disciple’s |
樂滅、苦滅,lè miè, kǔ miè
| pleasure (sukha) ceases and his pain (dukkha) ceases. |
喜憂本已滅,xǐ yōu běn yǐ miè
| The basis of joy (so-manassa) and sorrow (do-manassa) having ceased, |
不苦不樂、 bù kǔ bù lè
| he is neither (a-dukkham-a-sukham) discomforted nor delighted. |
捨、念、清淨,shě, niàn, qīngjìng
| Equanimous, mindful, and pure (pari-suddhim), |
得第四禪成就遊,dé dì sì chán chéngjiù yóu
| he attains the accomplishment of the fourth meditation. |
是時,聖弟子 名生如鉢,猶三十三天晝度樹如鉢也。
| The noble disciple then is called ‘becoming like a bowl’ like the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven’s Pārijāta Tree buds becoming like bowls. |
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