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MN 68: a good case study on how easy and ordinary first jhana is



If you're not already familiar with the STED standard formulas for 7sb awakening factors, and first jhana, you wouldn't even recognize what's going on in this sutta because he doesn't use those explicit labels. But I'm here to help:

MN 68 excerpt:

“Evaį¹ƒ pabbajitena ca pana, anuruddhā, kulaputtena kimassa karaį¹‡Ä«yaį¹ƒ?
“But, Anuruddha and friends, when a respectable person has gone forth like this, what should they do?
Vivekaį¹ƒ, anuruddhā, kāmehi vivekaį¹ƒ akusalehi dhammehi pÄ«tisukhaį¹ƒ nādhigacchati aƱƱaį¹ƒ vā tato santataraį¹ƒ, tassa abhijjhāpi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati, byāpādopi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati, thinamiddhampi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati uddhaccakukkuccampi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati, vicikicchāpi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati, aratÄ«pi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati, tandÄ«pi cittaį¹ƒ pariyādāya tiį¹­į¹­hati.
Take someone who doesn’t achieve the rapture and pleasure that are secluded from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities, or something even more peaceful than that. Their mind is still occupied by desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, doubt, discontent, and sloth.(5 hindrances)
Vivekaį¹ƒ, anuruddhā, kāmehi vivekaį¹ƒ akusalehi dhammehi pÄ«tisukhaį¹ƒ nādhigacchati aƱƱaį¹ƒ vā tato santataraį¹ƒ.
That’s someone who doesn’t achieve the rapture and pleasure that are secluded from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities, or something even more peaceful than that. (2nd jhana, 3rd, 4th jhana, etc)



Taį¹ƒ kiį¹ƒ maƱƱasi, anuruddhā,
What do you think, Anuruddha and friends?
kaį¹ƒ atthavasaį¹ƒ sampassamāno tathāgato sāvake abbhatÄ«te kālaį¹…kate upapattÄ«su byākaroti:
What advantage does the Realized One see in declaring the rebirth of his disciples who have passed away:
‘asu amutra upapanno; asu amutra upapanno’”ti?
‘This one is reborn here, while that one is reborn there’?”
“Bhagavaį¹ƒmÅ«lakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaį¹ƒnettikā bhagavaį¹ƒpaį¹­isaraį¹‡Ä. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaį¹ƒyeva paį¹­ibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhÅ« dhāressantÄ«”ti.
“Our teachings are rooted in the Buddha. He is our guide and our refuge. Sir, may the Buddha himself please clarify the meaning of this. The monks will listen and remember it.”
“Na kho, anuruddhā, tathāgato janakuhanatthaį¹ƒ na janalapanatthaį¹ƒ na lābhasakkārasilokānisaį¹ƒsatthaį¹ƒ na ‘iti maį¹ƒ jano jānātÅ«’ti sāvake abbhatÄ«te kālaį¹…kate upapattÄ«su byākaroti:
“The Realized One does not declare such things for the sake of deceiving people or flattering them, nor for the benefit of possessions, honor, or popularity, nor thinking, ‘So let people know about me!’
‘asu amutra upapanno, asu amutra upapanno’ti.
Santi ca kho, anuruddhā, kulaputtā saddhā uįø·Äravedā uįø·Ärapāmojjā.
Rather, there are respectable persons of faith who are full of sublime joy and gladness (this is nearly synonymous with 7sb pīti-sambojjhanga rapture awakening factor).
Te taį¹ƒ sutvā tadatthāya cittaį¹ƒ upasaį¹ƒharanti.
When they hear that, they apply their minds to that end.
Tesaį¹ƒ taį¹ƒ, anuruddhā, hoti dÄ«gharattaį¹ƒ hitāya sukhāya.
That is for their lasting welfare and happiness (sukha is a jhana factor and a shadow 7sb awakening factor that follows piti and passadhi).

Idhānuruddhā, bhikkhunÄ« suį¹‡Äti:
Take a nun who hears this:
‘itthannāmā bhikkhunÄ« kālaį¹…katā;
‘The nun named so-and-so has passed away.
sā bhagavatā byākatā—
The Buddha has declared that,
aƱƱāya saį¹‡į¹­hahÄ«’ti.
she was enlightened.’
Sā kho panassā bhaginÄ« sāmaį¹ƒ diį¹­į¹­hā vā hoti anussavassutā vā:
And she’s either seen for herself, or heard from someone else, that that sister
‘evaį¹ƒsÄ«lā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒdhammā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒpaƱƱā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒvihārinÄ« sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒvimuttā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipÄ«’ti.
had such ethics, such qualities, such wisdom, such meditation, or such freedom.
Sā tassā saddhaƱca sÄ«laƱca sutaƱca cāgaƱca paƱƱaƱca anussarantÄ« tadatthāya cittaį¹ƒ upasaį¹ƒharati.
Recollecting (7sb #1 sati-sambojjhanga!) that nun’s faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom, she applies her mind to that end.
Evampi kho, anuruddhā, bhikkhuniyā phāsuvihāro hoti.
That’s how a nun lives at ease.
Idhānuruddhā, bhikkhunÄ« suį¹‡Äti:
Take a nun who hears this:
‘itthannāmā bhikkhunÄ« kālaį¹…katā;
‘The nun named so-and-so has passed away.
sā bhagavatā byākatā—
The Buddha has declared that,
paƱcannaį¹ƒ orambhāgiyānaį¹ƒ saį¹ƒyojanānaį¹ƒ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyinÄ« anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā’ti.
with the ending of the five lower fetters, she’s been reborn spontaneously and will become nirvana'd there, not liable to return from that world.’
Sā kho panassā bhaginÄ« sāmaį¹ƒ diį¹­į¹­hā vā hoti anussavassutā vā:
And she’s either seen for herself, or heard from someone else, that that sister
‘evaį¹ƒsÄ«lā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒdhammā … pe … evaį¹ƒpaƱƱā … evaį¹ƒvihārinÄ« … evaį¹ƒvimuttā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipÄ«’ti.
had such ethics, such qualities, such wisdom, such meditation, or such freedom.
Sā tassā saddhaƱca sÄ«laƱca sutaƱca cāgaƱca paƱƱaƱca anussarantÄ« tadatthāya cittaį¹ƒ upasaį¹ƒharati.
Recollecting that nun’s faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom, she applies her mind to that end.
Evampi kho, anuruddhā, bhikkhuniyā phāsuvihāro hoti.
That too is how a nun lives at ease (code phrase for 4 jhanas)
Idhānuruddhā, bhikkhunÄ« suį¹‡Äti:
Take a nun who hears this:
‘itthannāmā bhikkhunÄ« kālaį¹…katā;
‘The nun named so-and-so has passed away.
sā bhagavatā byākatā—
The Buddha has declared that,
tiį¹‡į¹‡aį¹ƒ saį¹ƒyojanānaį¹ƒ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaį¹ƒ tanuttā sakadāgāminÄ« sakideva imaį¹ƒ lokaį¹ƒ āgantvā dukkhassantaį¹ƒ karissatÄ«’ti.
with the ending of three fetters, and the weakening of greed, hate, and delusion, she’s a once-returner. She’ll come back to this world once only, then make an end of suffering.’
Sā kho panassā bhaginÄ« sāmaį¹ƒ diį¹­į¹­hā vā hoti anussavassutā vā:
And she’s either seen for herself, or heard from someone else, that that sister
‘evaį¹ƒsÄ«lā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒdhammā … pe … evaį¹ƒpaƱƱā … evaį¹ƒvihārinÄ« … evaį¹ƒvimuttā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipÄ«’ti.
had such ethics, such qualities, such wisdom, such meditation, or such freedom.
Sā tassā saddhaƱca sÄ«laƱca sutaƱca cāgaƱca paƱƱaƱca anussarantÄ« tadatthāya cittaį¹ƒ upasaį¹ƒharati.
Recollecting that nun’s faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom, she applies her mind to that end.
Evampi kho, anuruddhā, bhikkhuniyā phāsuvihāro hoti.
That too is how a nun lives at ease.
Idhānuruddhā, bhikkhunÄ« suį¹‡Äti:
Take a nun who hears this:
‘itthannāmā bhikkhunÄ« kālaį¹…katā;
‘The nun named so-and-so has passed away.
sā bhagavatā byākatā—
The Buddha has declared that,
tiį¹‡į¹‡aį¹ƒ saį¹ƒyojanānaį¹ƒ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaį¹‡Ä’ti.
with the ending of three fetters she’s a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening.’
Sā kho panassā bhaginÄ« sāmaį¹ƒ diį¹­į¹­hā vā hoti anussavassutā vā:
And she’s either seen for herself, or heard from someone else, that that sister
‘evaį¹ƒsÄ«lā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipi, evaį¹ƒdhammā … evaį¹ƒpaƱƱā … evaį¹ƒvihārinÄ« … evaį¹ƒvimuttā sā bhaginÄ« ahosi itipÄ«’ti.
had such ethics, such qualities, such wisdom, such meditation, or such freedom.
Sā tassā saddhaƱca sÄ«laƱca sutaƱca cāgaƱca paƱƱaƱca anussarantÄ« tadatthāya cittaį¹ƒ upasaį¹ƒharati.
Recollecting that nun’s faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom, she applies her mind to that end.
Evampi kho, anuruddhā, bhikkhuniyā phāsuvihāro hoti.
That too is how a nun lives at ease.
Atha kho bhagavā te kulaputte ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi:
Then the Buddha spoke to the monks about those respectable persons:
“ye te, bhikkhave, kulaputtā mamaį¹ƒ uddissa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaį¹ƒ pabbajitā, kacci te, bhikkhave, bhikkhÅ« abhiratā brahmacariye”ti?
“monks, those respectable persons who have gone forth from the lay life to homelessness out of faith in me—I trust they’re satisfied with the spiritual life?”
Evaį¹ƒ vutte, te bhikkhÅ« tuį¹‡hÄ« ahesuį¹ƒ.
When this was said, the monks kept silent.
Dutiyampi kho bhagavā te kulaputte ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi:
For a second and a third time the Buddha asked the same question.


First jhana is not about kasina staring and samatha kung fu!

It's about learning how to skillfully use Dhamma vitakka, first jhana  thinking to lubricate the mind with spiritually inspiring and relevant Dharma instructions to carry out.

As you can see from this sutta, and many others like this, first jhana is part of a gradual samadhi training, it's a gateway to genuine samadhi and ekaggata, which doesn't happen until second jhana.

Gradual  means it's intended for the novice monks, nuns, laypeople to be able to do the entry level first jhana. VRJ (vism. redefinition of jhana), according to their scripture, their redefinition of first jhana only one in 1 million, or 1 in 10 million people can do it. Does that sound gradual to you? And once they can do a redefined first jhana, usually within a week they can do all four jhanas. Does that sound gradual to you? Why would a perfectly enlightened Buddha design a gradual samadhi training to have a steep cliff with a moat blocking entry?

Look at who the Buddha is talking about in this sutta. It's about monastics who've just ordained, are not happy because their minds are obsessed with 5 hindrances and unskillful vitakka/thoughts.

So First jhana, is learning how to replace unskillful thoughts with skillful thoughts. And when you can relax and pacify (passaddhi) the mind and body, then that's first jhana. (MN 19).


The real test of genuine EBT first jhana

If a monastic ordains, they stay ordained, and they've stayed ordained for a long time, because they're happy (sukha), satisfied with the holy life, gladdened and inspired (piti and pamojja, 7sb factors), that's the acid test for having first jhana.

Meanwhile, you have highly skilled samatha kung fu experts  who can stare at kasinas, get into appana samadhi, the VRJ (vism. redefinition of jhana) for at least a few hours whenever they want, can get into arupa samadhis easily, but they disrobe or commit sex crimes because they may have Vism. definition of appana samadhi and "Jhana", but they don't even have EBT first jhana which means genuinely preferring the seclusion from sense pleasures, rather than  indulging in sense pleasures (like sex, drugs, music), 5 hindrances, committing sex crimes, etc.

Samatha kung fu is great, and has it's place, but it has very little to do with genuine EBT first jhana.


Real examples from the suttas on how easy it is to do a low quality first jhana


AN 1, about 45 suttas on what jhāna is. Low qualit...



Re: MN 68: a good case study on how easy and ordinary first jhana is

Post by frank k » Wed Sep 11, 2019 3:29 am
TLCD96 wrote: 
Tue Sep 10, 2019 9:32 am
So how does this make Jhana seem easy for those who struggle to even put down their phone?
EBT (early buddhist text) first jhana, is very easy relative to the VRJ and ABRJ (Vism. and Ajahn Brahm redefinition of jhana).
They are 2 completely different samadhi training systems. But VRJ and late Theravada have the gall to claim that EBT pali suttas support the VRJ redefinition.

So 'easy' is relative. But for the novice monastic, someone who made the commitment to renounce phones and householder pleasures, with proper understanding of EBT first jhana (at least low quality momentary bursts of it) is easily accessible. The tragedy is many Theravada monastics believe the VRJ reinterpretation, and believe they don't have the karmic merit or capability to do first jhana, so they don't even try. It's like if we pretend Barack Obama (first Black USA president) never happened, and told all African American kids, "You have no chance at ever becoming US President, it's impossible, and no one has ever done it." Most kids would believe it and never even make the attempt.

In my estimation, well over 95% of most humans are capable of having a low quality first jhana experience (lasting a few seconds).
But to be competent in first jhana, for example, meaning if you set aside 30 min to do first jhana, 15 of those 30 min. would be at least a low quality first jhana, would require commitment, daily training, and renunciation worldly entanglements. That's the hard part for most people, they're not convinced that renunciant pleasure is greater than worldly pleasure, so they won't make the effort or commitment to try.

It takes several hours a day IMO (in my opinion) of samadhi training (not just sitting with eyes closed, using samadhi in every activity of the day), but it's doable if one is committed.


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